Which statement best summarizes the process of metabolism?

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions that occur within an organism, which is essential for maintaining life. This process includes both catabolic reactions, where larger molecules are broken down to produce energy, and anabolic reactions, where smaller molecules are assembled into larger ones using energy. The complexity and interconnectedness of these reactions are what enable organisms to grow, reproduce, repair damage, and respond to their environment.

In contrast to this comprehensive view, the other options limit the definition of metabolism. Referring to metabolism as a single reaction process neglects the multitude of reactions that occur at any given time within cells. Focusing solely on energy production overlooks the vital biosynthetic roles of metabolism that contribute to cell structure and function. Additionally, confining metabolism to cellular division ignores the myriad other processes, such as respiration and digestion, that fall under the metabolic umbrella. Thus, the accurate summary is that metabolism includes all chemical reactions in an organism.