What does the term "food microbiology" encompass?

The term "food microbiology" specifically refers to the study of microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food. This field focuses on understanding how different types of microorganisms, such as bacteria, yeast, and mold, interact with food products. It examines both beneficial and harmful microorganisms, exploring their roles in food spoilage, fermentation, foodborne illnesses, and food safety.

This encompasses various aspects, such as how microorganisms contribute to the preservation of food through fermentation techniques like pickling or foraging and how they may lead to spoilage if conditions allow for their uncontrolled growth. By studying these microorganisms, food microbiologists can develop practices to improve food safety and quality, ensuring that food products are safe for consumption and properly handled throughout the food supply chain.